Bioanthropology Contributions to the Knowledge of Biological Variability Among South American Indians: Analysis and Description

This paper analyzes and describes bioanthropological studies on South American Amerindians. Three periods in the development of biological anthropology, from the 19th century up to the present, were evaluated with the intention to analyze the technical, methodological and theoretical contributions predominant in each of them. To achieve this objective, contributions on population genetics were considered, opening new ways to approach and understand, from a different perspective, the biological variability of these human groups.