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Efecto de la variabilidad climática sobre la demanda de agua para uso residencial urbano: el caso de la ciudad de Manizales, Colombia

No. 79 (2017-09-01)
  • Darío F. Jiménez
  • Sergio A. Orrego
  • Daniel M. Cossio
  • Felipe A. Vásquez
  • Roberto D. Ponce

Resumen

Un modelo estructural consistente con la teoría de la utilidad se usó para derivar funciones de demanda de agua para uso residencial urbano en la ciudad de Manizales, Colombia. Características del hogar y la vivienda recolectadas en una encuesta, así como información de precio, ingreso, precipitación y una variable dummy para indicar si el mes correspondía a la fase cálida de El Niño, se incluyeron en la estimación econométrica de la demanda de agua para uso residencial urbano. Los resultados sugieren que la variabilidad climática, específicamente el fenómeno El Niño, influencia de manera positiva el consumo de agua. Los resultados de esta investigación constituyen información valiosa para la adopción de políticas y regulación del recurso agua en países en desarrollo, especialmente, en áreas urbanas y en situaciones en las que la oferta de agua podría reducirse por variabilidad climática asociada a la ocurrencia de El Niño.

Palabras clave: demanda de agua, modelo de elección discreto/continuo, elasticidad, variabilidad climática, consumo de agua, demanda, áreas urbanas, comportamiento económico

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