El feminicidio en América Latina: Un enfoque económico
No. 88 (2021-07-01)Autor/a(es/as)
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Carolina Álvarez-Garavito
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Hugo Nicolás Acosta-González
Resumen
Justificación: El creciente número de casos de femicidio en América Latina ha impulsado a los gobiernos de la región a tipificarlo como delito para disuadir la violencia y el crimen contra las mujeres. Sin embargo, se desconoce el efecto de estas leyes por la falta de datos disponibles. Se pretende conocer las causas y mecanismos del femicidio en los países de América Latina, así como el posible efecto de las leyes contra este delito. Proponemos un enfoque económico que combina las ideas de la economía del crimen de Becker y los modelos de negociación de los hogares para entender los mecanismos detrás del femicidio. El enfoque propuesto sugiere que la legislación tiene un efecto positivo en la reducción del número de asesinatos de mujeres al aumentar la probabilidad del criminal de ser condenado y castigado, cambiando así los incentivos de los criminales para cometer el delito. Sin embargo, la inacción y la impunidad de los gobiernos hacia el femicidio podrían impedir la eficacia de la legislación para disuadir el comportamiento criminal. A medida que se disponga de mayor cantidad de datos sobre femicidio, se podrá estimar el efecto de la legislación sobre la ocurrencia de este delito utilizando el método de diferencias en diferencias.
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