Colombia Internacional

Colomb. int. | eISSN 1900-6004 | ISSN 0121-5612

La Gran Estrategia de Estados Unidos: en busca de las fuentes doctrinales de las políticas de seguridad internacional de los gobiernos estadounidenses

No. 83 (2015-01-01)
  • Federmán Rodríguez Morales

Resumen

El propósito del artículo consiste en explicar la historia, las fuentes y las variaciones de lagran estrategia estadounidense en materia de seguridad internacional. En particular, se sostiene que existe una estrategia orientada a definir los intereses y valores que los gobiernos estadounidenses deben defender, independientemente de sus posiciones ideológicas, la cual puede ser entendida, principalmente, de acuerdo con las creencias del realismo defensivo y del realismo ofensivo, así como del liberalismo ejemplarista y del liberalismo de cruzada. Más que ser concebidas como posturas teóricas o analíticas, estas variaciones del realismo y del liberalismo estadounidenses se entienden como doctrinas que han venido construyéndose históricamente desde la Independencia. Teniendo en cuenta que esta gran estrategia constituye un marco institucional difícil de evadir, se explica, a manera de ejemplos, el modo en el que los gobiernos de George W. Bush Jr. y Barack H. Obama se apropiaron de dicha estrategia.

Palabras clave: Estados Unidos, Gran Estrategia, liberalismo ejemplarista, liberalismo de cruzada, realismo defensivo, realismo ofensivo

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