Colombia Internacional

Colomb. int. | eISSN 1900-6004 | ISSN 0121-5612

A grande estratégia dos Estados Unidos: em busca das fontes doutrinais das políticas de segurança internacional dos governos estadunidenses

No. 83 (2015-01-01)
  • Federmán Rodríguez Morales

Resumo

O propósito deste artigo consiste em explicar a história, as fontes e as variações da grande estratégia estadunidense em matéria de segurança nacional. Em particular, sustenta-se que existe uma estratégia orientada a definir os interesses e valores que os governos estadunidenses devem defender, independentemente de suas posições ideológicas, a qual pode ser entendida, principalmente, de acordo com as crenças do realismo defensivo e do realismo ofensivo, bem como do realismo exemplarista e do “liberalismo de cruzada”. Mais que serem concebidas como posturas teóricas ou analíticas, essas variações do realismo e do liberalismo estadunidenses são entendidas como doutrinas que vêm sendo construídas historicamente desde a Independência. Considerando que essa grande estratégia constitui um marco institucional difícil de evadir, explica-se, por meio de exemplos, o modo no qual os governos de George W. Bush Jr. e Barack H. Obama se apropriaram dessa estratégia.

Palavras-chave: Estados Unidos, Grande Estratégia, liberalismo ejemplarista, liberalismo de cruzada, realismo defensivo, realismo ofensivo

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