Palabras clave
R2P
orden mundial
potencias emergentes
normas
Categorías
Cómo citar
Resumen
Objetivo/contexto: uno de los principales pilares de la legitimidad de los órdenes mundiales es la existencia y el reconocimiento de normas e instituciones internacionales. En la literatura de relaciones internacionales, muchos estudios llaman atención sobre la importancia de las instituciones para abordar temas como la soberanía (inter) nacional, las crisis humanitarias y las intervenciones militares. Dado que la dinámica del poder global contemporáneo está cambiando debido al surgimiento de centros de poder, como los países del Bric, es relevante estudiar si y en qué medida los nuevos actores seguirán las normas establecidas o las impugnarán. Analizamos el desempeño de los Brics vis-à-vis las normativas incorporadas al concepto de responsabilidad de proteger (R2P). Metodología: el artículo consiste en una investigación cualitativa y comparada desde documentos oficiales y análisis cualitativos, y se enfoca en el período entre 2005 y 2017. Conclusiones: los hallazgos sugieren que, si bien los Brics no presentan una posición unificada en la discusión, contribuyen a destacar los debates sobre la R2P por medio de dos esfuerzos separados hechos especialmente por Brasil y China. Originalidad: argumentamos que el concepto brasileño de responsabilidad al proteger y el chino de protección responsable se pueden clasificar como críticos normativos activos de la R2P, mientras que los demás miembros son críticos activos o críticos activos y usuarios de la R2P.
Citas
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