Palabras clave
hegemonía
China
sur global
la Nueva Ruta de la Seda
Categorías
Cómo citar
Resumen
Objetivo/contexto: el ascenso de China ha generado un profundo debate sobre el impacto que genera en el escenario internacional su creciente presencia. Existe una amplia discusión en torno a si China se transformará en un nuevo hegemon o si establecerá un escenario poshegemónico. Sin embargo, estas aproximaciones asumen que la hegemonía es un concepto objetivo y universal. Este artículo presenta una crítica al concepto de hegemonía que ha pretendido explicar el ascenso de China. Considera las limitaciones paradigmáticas de este concepto y destaca la importancia de abandonar nuestros modelos mentales para buscar nuevas formas de conceptualizar el cambiante papel de China en el sur global. Basado en un enfoque teórico posestructuralista, el artículo analiza las serias limitaciones conceptuales para comprender el ascenso de China debido a que los conceptos dominantes para entender este proceso se encuentran en una visión eurocéntrica de la disciplina de las relaciones internacionales. Metodología: se contrastan distintas aproximaciones al concepto de hegemonía desde una perspectiva crítica. Conclusiones: se enfatiza cómo la experiencia histórica de Occidente ha moldeado modelos mentales claves de la disciplina, como sucede con la manera como tradicionalmente se entiende el concepto de hegemonía. Originalidad: este artículo contribuye a la comprensión del ascenso de China al ampliar el abanico paradigmático desde el cual este fenómeno puede ser entendido.
Citas
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