Palabras clave
Colombia
elecciones
impacto de la comunicación
medios de comunicación
opinión pública
perdón social
Categorías
Cómo citar
Resumen
Objetivo/contexto: este artículo examina los patrones de argumentación emocional sobre el perdón social y la falta de perdón frente al pasado de Gustavo Petro en el M-19 durante las elecciones presidenciales colombianas en 2022. Metodología: se realiza un análisis inductivo del enmarcamiento en los medios a partir de una muestra de periódicos colombianos. Los marcos analizados ejemplifican la relevancia que diferentes periódicos le atribuyeron al pasado de Petro en su cobertura preelectoral. Conclusiones: este análisis demuestra que los marcos que presentan una imagen negativa del pasado de Petro involucraban patrones especialmente fuertes de falta de perdón y la correspondiente deslegitimación de la persona y sus ambiciones políticas. La presentación negativa en periódicos particulares incluía patrones claros de argumentación emocional en la oposición ideológica hacia Petro en contraste con el conjunto de medios en general. Por otro lado, los demás periódicos analizados revelan un patrón predominantemente neutral de argumentación que prestó atención al pasado de Petro pero que no lo usó para hacer un juicio en su contra. En algunos casos, el argumento del perdón social fue usado incluso en su favor. Estos resultados muestran que, especialmente entre la oposición ideológica hacia Petro, la referencia a su pasado en el M-19 era considerada como una estrategia legítima para socavar sus aspiraciones políticas. Sin embargo, considerando en general el cubrimiento en los periódicos, el pasado de Petro tuvo una importancia marginal. Originalidad: este análisis ofrece una mirada a la forma como los medios en Colombia enmarcaron el pasado en el M-19 del actual presidente de Colombia durante la campaña presidencial de 2022, posiblemente influyendo el proceso de formación de la opinión pública. Estos resultados pueden servir de referencia para análisis más completos para comprender mejor el papel del perdón y su ausencia en el contexto del discurso político en estados en posconflicto.
Citas
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Derechos de autor 2023 Constantin Treisch