Colombia Internacional

Colomb. int. | eISSN 1900-6004 | ISSN 0121-5612

O papel do perdão social e da falta de perdão no conteúdo do discurso político sobre Gustavo Petro durante as eleições presidenciais colombianas de 2022

No. 116 (2023-10-02)
  • Constantin Treisch
    Humboldt University of Berlin (Alemanha)
    ORCID iD: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6317-4428
https://doi.org/10.7440/colombiaint116.2023.06

Resumo

Objetivo/contexto: este artigo examina os padrões de argumentação emocional sobre o perdão social e a falta de perdão em relação ao passado de Gustavo Petro no M-19 durante as eleições presidenciais colombianas de 2022. Metodologia: é realizado uma análise indutiva do enquadramento na mídia a partir de uma amostra de jornais colombianos. Os quadros analisados exemplificam a relevância que diferentes jornais atribuíram ao passado de Petro em sua cobertura pré-eleitoral. Conclusões: esta análise demonstra que os quadros que apresentam uma imagem negativa do passado de Petro envolviam padrões especialmente fortes de
falta de perdão e a correspondente deslegitimação da pessoa e suas ambições políticas. A apresentação negativa em jornais particulares incluía padrões claros de argumentação emocional na oposição ideológica a Petro em contraste com o conjunto de meios em geral. Por outro lado, os demais jornais analisados revelam um padrão predominantemente neutro de argumentação que prestou atenção ao passado de Petro, mas que não o usou para fazer um julgamento contra ele. Em alguns casos, o argumento do perdão social foi usado até mesmo a seu favor. Esses resultados mostram que, especialmente entre a oposição ideológica a Petro, a referência ao seu passado no M-19 era considerada como uma estratégia legítima para minar suas aspirações políticas. No entanto, considerando em geral a cobertura nos jornais, o passado de Petro teve uma importância marginal. Originalidade: esta análise oferece um olhar sobre como a mídia na Colômbia enquadraram o passado no M-19 do atual presidente da Colômbia durante a campanha presidencial de 2022, possivelmente influenciando o processo de formação da opinião pública. Estes resultados podem servir como referência para análises mais completas que busquem compreender melhor o papel do perdão e sua ausência no contexto do discurso político em estados em pós-conflito.

Palavras-chave: análise do enquadramento na mídia, Colômbia, eleições, impacto da comunicação, meios de comunicação, opinião pública, perdão social

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