Os meninos que gritavam “Lobo Guerreiro”: a estratégia diplomática da China na América Latina
No. 113 (2023-01-01)Autor(es)
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Benjamin CreutzfeldtUniversidad del Pacífico (Perú)
Resumo
Objetivo/contexto: este artigo examina a evolução da estratégia diplomática da China na América Latina em termos de quão eficazmente os diplomatas chineses se adaptaram às exigências do compromisso multidimensional da China com a região durante as últimas três décadas. Essa estratégia é a base dos investimentos da China na região e está relacionada a questões de integração regional e cooperação cultural. Metodologia: o estudo é baseado em um banco de dados compilado pelo autor, que acompanha as carreiras de todos os diplomatas chineses de alto nível na América Latina de 1990 a 2020. É um estudo qualitativo com a adição de dados quantitativos que fornece estudos de caso representativos. Conclusões: o autor observa mudanças na forma como os diplomatas chineses do século 21 abraçaram a diplomacia de rede e melhoraram suas habilidades no engajamento com cidadãos e governos estrangeiros. A competência dos diplomatas para se engajar localmente e demonstrar resultados positivos foi testada, especialmente durante a pandemia de covid-19, enquanto os excessos da chamada “diplomacia do lobo guerreiro” parecem ter reinado. O artigo evidencia uma evolução contínua nos esforços centralizados, mas muitas vezes conflitantes, das organizações envolvidas nas operações da China no exterior, incluindo ministérios, organizações do Partido Comunista e instituições educacionais. Originalidade: ao concentrar-se nos diplomatas como atores-chave, o estudo oferece novas perspectivas sobre o compromisso diplomático e econômico da China com a região latino-americana. Além disso, utiliza uma base de dados inovadora que será disponibilizada ao público após a publicação deste estudo.
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