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Índice de bienestar subjetivo de las personas mayores en Colombia: estimación y análisis a partir de la Encuesta Nacional de Calidad de Vida (ENCV) 2023

No. 102 (2026-04-13)
  • Sulma Marcela Cuervo-Ramírez
    Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística
    Identificador ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0095-1159
  • Oscar Mauricio Acosta
    Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística
    Identificador ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1194-1637
  • Karen Rosana Córdoba-Perozo
    Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística
    Identificador ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3211-825X
  • J. Sebastian Ruiz-Santacruz
    Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social
    Identificador ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9577-8111

Resumen

Como resultado del mejoramiento de las condiciones de vida, los avances científicos y la reducción sostenida de la fecundidad, Colombia atraviesa un acelerado envejecimiento demográfico. Este proceso ocurre en un contexto de desigualdades socioeconómicas que se traducen en brechas de salud, bienestar y condiciones materiales en la vejez. Aunque los indicadores objetivos son fundamentales para medirlas, el bienestar subjetivo complementa el análisis al captar autopercepciones sobre la satisfacción vital, los estados emocionales y el sentido de propósito. La evidencia disponible, no obstante, se concentra en países de altos ingresos, lo que deja vacíos para Colombia, donde la pobreza y la desigualdad estructural moldean el envejecimiento. Con microdatos de la Encuesta Nacional de Calidad de Vida ENCV 2023, este estudio estima y analiza el bienestar subjetivo en población de 60 años y más y construye un indicador sintético replicable para monitorear brechas, incluidas las de género, y orientar políticas públicas.

Palabras clave: Bienestar subjetivo, envejecimiento de la población, desigualdad de género, Indicador compuesto, América Latina

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