Efectos entre las actividades de innovación, exportación y productividad: un análisis de las empresas manufactureras peruanas
No. 85 | 2020-07-01Autor/a(es/as)
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José Luis Nolazco
Resumen
El objetivo de este artículo es examinar la relación entre los esfuerzos innovativos, el nivel de exportaciones y la productividad en las empresas manufactureras peruanas. Con información de la Encuesta Nacional de Innovación en la Industria Manufacturera (ENIIM) se realizaron estimaciones Tobit y quintiles que permitieron concluir que la productividad inicial de la empresa peruana es un determinante del nivel de exportaciones (autoselección), lo que a su vez incentiva a realizar un gasto en innovación (exportaciones como determinante de la innovación) para competir en el mercado internacional. Posteriormente, la innovación realizada por la empresa conlleva una mayor oferta de productos exportables (innovación como determinante de las exportaciones) y un aumento en la productividad (aprendizaje por exportar). Así, se encuentra que los efectos directos e indirectos de la innovación tecnológica se ven reflejados en incrementos de 23 %-44 % y 16 %-45 % según quintil de productividad laboral y PTF, respectivamente.
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