Revista Desarrollo y Sociedad logo

Desarro. soc. | eISSN 1900-7760 | ISSN 0120-3584

Less poor more vulnerable? An alternative measurement of poverty based on progress out of poverty index

No. 86 (2020-10-01)
  • Bilver Adrián Astorquiza Bustos
  • María Camila Ospina Muñoz
https://doi.org/10.13043/DYS.86.1

Abstract

Poverty in Latin America and the Caribbean has shown a slight increase in recent years, setting off alarm bells, as its eradication has become a social aspiration that is far from being achieved. The research uses the Progress Out of Poverty Index to quantify the levels and risk of poverty in Colombia’s 23 main departments as well as Bogotá DC between 2012 and 2019. The results suggest that the risk of poverty has increased by 1.76 %. Vulnerability in the country is latent, with 57.5 % of households in Bogotá being susceptible to poverty, while in departments such as Chocó and La Guajira this rate exceeds 79 %. The method provides a more accurate identification of poverty and highlights the importance of considering vulnerable households when proposing public policies for its reduction.

Keywords: Vulnerability, risk, method of measurement, households, Colombia

References

Alkire, S. (2005). Why the capability approach?Journal of Human Development, 6(1), 115-135.

Altimir, O. (1979). La imensión de la pobreza en América Latina.CEPAL, 1-81.

Atkinson, A., Marlier, E., Montaigne, F., & Reinstadler, A. (2010). Income poverty and income inequality. Income and living conditions in Europe, 101.

Bourguignon, F. (2003). The growth elasticity of poverty reduction: Explaining heterogeneity across countries and time periods. Inequality and growth: Theory and policy implications, 1(1).

Bourguignon, F., et al. (2010). The millennium development goals: An assessment. Equity and growth in a globalizing world, 17.

Burnside, C., & Dollar, D. (1998). Aid, the incentive regime, and poverty reduction. Policy Research Working Paper, 1937. World Bank Publications.

Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL). Panorama Social de América Latina, 2018LC/PUB.2019/3-P, Santiago, 2019.

Cervantes-Godoy, D., & Dewbre, J. (2010). Economic importance of agriculture for poverty reduction (Working Paper, 23). OECD Food Agriculture and Fisheries. París: OECD Publishing.

Collier, P., & Dollar, D. (2002). Aid allocation and poverty reduction. European Economic Review, 46(8), 1475-1500.

Craig, D., & Porter, D. (2003). Poverty reduction strategy papers: A new convergence. World Development, 31(1), 53-69.

DANE (2018). Boletín Técnico Pobreza Monetaria y Desigualdad. Recuperado de https://www.dane.gov.co/files/investigaciones/condiciones_vida/pobreza/2018/bt_pobreza_monetaria_18.pdf

DANE (2019). Gran Encuesta Integrada de Hogares -GEIH- 2019. Metodología. Recuperado de http://microdatos.dane.gov.co/index.php/catalog/599/study-description

DANE (2020). Pobreza Multidimensional. Informe de resultados. Recuperado de https://www.dane.gov.co/files/investigaciones/condiciones_vida/pobreza/2019/Presentacion_rueda_de_prensa_ECV_e_IPM_2019.pdf

De Armiño, P. (2002). Diccionario de acción humanitaria y cooperación al desarrollo (No. 338.91 D5 2002).

De Janvry, A., & Sadoulet, E. (2010). Agricultural growth and poverty reduction: Additional evidence. The World Bank Research Observer, 25(1), 1-20.

Deininger, K. (2003). Land policies for growth and poverty reduction. Washington D.C: World Bank and Oxford University Press.

Desiere, S., Vellema, W., & D’Haese, M. (2015). A validity assessment of the Progress out of Poverty Index (PPI). Evaluation and Program Planning, 10-18.

Gallego, L. (2010). Acercamiento al problema social de la pobreza de las nociones de pobreza y los mecanismos causales. Revista Trabajo Social, 9, 29. Recuperado de https://revistas.udea.edu.co/index.php/revistraso/issue/view/534

Eriz, M., & Fernández, M. J. (2015). Una alternativa para el cálculo de las necesidades básicas insatisfechas (NBI). Análisis Económico, 111-138.

Foster, J., Greer, J., & Thorbecke, E. (1984). A class of decomposable poverty measures. Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 761-766.

Foundation, G., & Finance, I. (2015). Factors influencing poverty outreach among microfinance institutions in Latin America. Grameen Foundation, 1-100.

Grameen Foundation (2008). Progress out of Poverty Index PPI pilot training. Recuperado de https://www.findevgateway.org/sites/default/files/publications/files/mfg-en-paper-progress-out-of-poverty-index-ppi-pilot-training-mar-2008.pdf

Gravesteijn, R., Hoepner, A., & Jain, M. (2015). Effects of microcredit on the poverty of borrowers using the progress out of poverty index: Evidence from Asian MFIs. Recuperado de https://www.oikocredit.coop/l/library/download/urn:uuid:927c5e16-dbae-4fee-840a-b14a6617b817/ppi+research+paper+2-12-2015.pdf%20

Jenkins, S., Kapteyn, A. & Van Praag, B. (Eds) (1998). The distribution of welfare and household production: International perspectives. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Jiménez, N., & Miranda, F. (2008). Pobreza y desarrollo económico: una aproximación al análisis institucional. Semestre Económico, 11(22), 111-147.

Kakwani, N., Pernia, E. M., & others. (2000). What is pro-poor growth? Asian Development Review, 18(1), 1-16.

Kshirsagar, V., Wieczorek, J., Ramanathan, S., & Wells, R. (2017). House-hold poverty classification in data-scarce environments: A machine learning approach. arXiv preprint arXiv:1711.06813, 1-7.

Londoño, J., & Frenk, J. (1997). Pluralismo estructurado: hacia un modelo innovador para la reforma de los sistemas de salud en América Latina. Inter-American Development Bank, Office of the Chief Economist, 353.

Max-Neef, M. (1993). Desarrollo a Escala Humana: Conceptos, Aplicaciones y Algunas Reflexiones. Barcelona: Nordan Comunidad/Icaria.

Microfinanzas Prisma. (2011). The Progress out of Poverty Index™ at PRISMA Microfinance: Using the PPI to Target and Serve Rural Poor Women. Grameen Foundation, 1-17.

Moser, C. (1998). The asset vulnerability framework: Reassessing urban poverty reduction strategies. World development, 26(1), 1-19.

Ortiz, J. (2007). La pobreza y su relación con el desarrollo social, el crecimiento económico y el empleo: nuevas hipótesis teóricas e implicaciones prácticas. Banco de la República, 1-44.

Osorio, J. (1993). Pobreza: en las fronteras de la economía y la política. Política y Cultura, 43-62.

Pedreño, M. (2010). El estudio de la pobreza y la exclusión social. Aproximación cuantitativa y cualitativa. Revista Interuniversitaria de Formación del Profesorado, 25-46.

Ponce, F. (2011). La pobreza como crítica política a la democracia: implicaciones filosófico-políticas de la privación de capacidades básicas. Universitas Philosophica, 37-60

Pritchett, L., Suryahadi, A., & Sumarto, S. (2000). Quantifying vulnerability to poverty: A proposed measure, with application to Indonesia (Policy Research Working Paper, 2437). Washington D. C: World Bank.

Ravallion, M.. (2011). A comparative perspective on poverty reduction in Brazil, China, and India.The World Bank Research Observer, 26(1), 71-104.

Ray, D. (1998). Development Economics. Nueva Yersey: Princeton University Press.

Rodrik, D. (2000). Crecimiento económico o reducción de la pobreza: un vano debate. Finanzas & Desarrollo, 8-9.

Roemer, M., & Gugerty, M. K. (1997). Does economic growth reduce poverty? Harvard Institute for International Development CAER II Discussion Paper 4, Cambridge, MA.

Sáenz-Amaguaya, M. (2012). El método de necesidades básicas insatisfechas (NBI) “Alternativo” (Tesis de maestría). FLACSO: Ecuador.

Satriano, C. (2006). Pobreza, políticas públicas y políticas sociales. Revista Mad. Revista del Magíster en Análisis Sistémico Aplicado a la Sociedad, 15, 60-74.

Schreiner, M. (2017). There’s no place like home? How the Interview Method Affects Results with the Progress out of Poverty Index®. Recuperado de http://microfinance.com/English/Papers/Scoring_Poverty_Interview_Method_Effects_EN.pdf, retrieved, 2.

Sen, A. (1979). Issues in the measurement of poverty. Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 81, 285-307.

Sen, A. (1997). On economic inequality. Edición ampliada. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Sen, A. (2000). La pobreza como privación de capacidades. Desarrollo y Libertad, 114-141.

Steele, J., Sundsøy, P., Pezzulo, C., Alegana, V., Bird, T., Blumenstock, J. & Hadiuzzaman, K. (2017). Mapping poverty using mobile phone and satellite data. Journal of The Royal Society Interface, 14(127), 20160690.

Townsend, P. (1979). Poverty in the United Kingdom: A survey of household resources and standards of living. Londres: University of California Press.

United Nations (2016). Acabar con la pobreza. Recuperado de https://www.un.org/es/sections/issues-depth/poverty/index.html

Wallis, J., Killerby, P., & Dollery, B. (2004). Social economics and social capital. International Journal of Social Economics, 31(3), 239-258.

World Bank. (2019). PovcalNet: An online analysis tool for global poverty monitoring. Recuperado de http://iresearch.worldbank.org/PovcalNet/home.aspx