Cuando la ley se queda corta: constitucionalismo y “derechos fluviales”
No. 9 (13-06-2024)Autor/a(es/as)
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Elizabeth MacphersonUniversity of Canterbury (Nueva Zelanda)Identificador ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1021-9930
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Axel BorchgrevinkOslo Metropolitan University, OsloMet (Noruega)Identificador ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1767-1540
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Rahul RanjanOslo Metropolitan University, OsloMet (Noruega)
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Catalina Vallejo PiedrahítaUniversidad Autónoma Latinoamericana, Unaula (Colombia)Identificador ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7481-0861
Resumen
Las normas que reconocen a los ríos y sus ecosistemas como personas jurídicas o sujetos con derechos, deberes y obligaciones han sido asociadas con teorías del constitucionalismo ambiental. Sin embargo, se sabe poco sobre el grado y la forma en que el derecho constitucional —con su estatus superior— ha sido instrumental en la concesión de estos “derechos fluviales”. En este artículo, analizamos la relevancia constitucional del reconocimiento de los ríos como personas jurídicas o sujetos de derechos en Aotearoa Nueva Zelanda, Colombia e India. Sostenemos que, en estos tres países, los derechos fluviales constituyen experimentos constitucionales (intentos a pequeña escala, ad hoc y, en última instancia, incompletos) orientados a trascender marcos regulatorios aparentemente ineficaces. Sin embargo, también son pasos incrementales e influyentes en un proyecto más amplio de transformación social y ambiental.
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