Voces y Silencios. Revista Latinoamericana de Educación

Voces silec. rev. latinoam. educ. | eISSN 2215-8421

Autorregulación del aprendizaje: desenredando la relación entre cognición, metacognición y motivación

No. 1 (2021-07-01)
  • Antonio P. Gutierrez de Blume
    1Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Estados Unidos (agutierrez@georgiasouthern.edu) ORCID ID: 0000-0001-6809-1728

Resumen

La teoría del aprendizaje autorregulado (AA) se compone de tres dimensiones principales: la cognición, la metacognición y la motivación. Si bien abundan las investigaciones sobre estos componentes de forma aislada, ningún estudio hasta la fecha ha explorado las relaciones de múltiples medidas de cada componente para obtener una mejor explicación del AA. Con este fin, el presente estudio exploró las relaciones entre varias medidas de cada componente del AA. Además, se examinó un modelo de predicción-mediación hipotético impulsado por la teoría que evaluó las relaciones temporales entre estas medidas. Estudiantes universitarios (N = 201) de Estados Unidos completaron medidas de valor de utilidad de la tarea, emociones académicas (esperanza, aburrimiento), medidas subjetivas (conocimiento de la cognición, regulación de la cognición) y objetivas (precisión del monitoreo) de metacognición, compromiso del estudiante (cognitivo, conductual), uso de estrategias cognitivas y rendimiento (vocabulario, probabilidades). Los resultados revelaron que había relaciones significativas entre las variables, excepto con el compromiso conductual, en la dirección teóricamente esperada. Además, hubo importantes efectos directos e indirectos entre las diversas medidas de los tres componentes del AA. Estos hallazgos son importantes porque integran las teorías del AA, la metacognición y la motivación, lo que ningún otro estudio hasta la fecha ha intentado hacer. Se discuten las implicaciones y recomendaciones para la teoría, la investigación y la práctica educativa.

Palabras clave: cognición, metacognición, motivación, aprendizaje autorregulado, compromiso en el aprendizaje

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