La sustentabilidad en contra de las lógicas del Estado: barreras políticas e institucionales en el sector de infraestructura en Chile
No. 13 (16-09-2025)Autor/a(es/as)
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Denise MislehPontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (Chile)Identificador ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8056-4492
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Juliane DziulmaUnited Nations University (Alemania)Identificador ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1491-0385
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Maria De la GarzaUnited Nations University (Alemania)Identificador ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5076-4795
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Edeltraud GuentherUnited Nations University (Alemania)Identificador ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6968-9238
Resumen
El Estado suele ser representado como una entidad progresista que facilita los procesos de transición. Sin embargo, este artículo examina las limitaciones que enfrentan las instituciones estatales, caracterizadas por su resistencia al cambio y su arraigo en trayectorias institucionales rígidas. Se analizan las barreras políticas e institucionales que dificultan la incorporación de enfoques de sustentabilidad en el sector de infraestructura en Chile. El argumento central sostiene que las explicaciones basadas en la dependencia de trayectoria y el bloqueo institucional tienden a omitir dimensiones políticas y estratégicas clave de la inercia institucional y de las políticas públicas. A través del Enfoque Relacional Estratégico (ERE), se evidencia que las barreras identificadas, tales como la limitada capacidad estatal y las lógicas institucionales, son utilizadas estratégicamente por actores estatales y de la sociedad civil para preservar un paradigma de desarrollo orientado al crecimiento, en tensión con los objetivos de sustentabilidad. En este contexto, las barreras estatales configuran un sistema de selectividad estratégica que desalienta la adopción de enfoques sustentables, al tiempo que favorece a actores establecidos, sistemas de mercado y aquellas infraestructuras asociadas al paradigma del crecimiento.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Denise Misleh, Juliane Dziulma, Maria De la Garza, Edeltraud Guenther

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