Palabras clave
memoria
perdón
perspectiva del observador
teoría del nivel de representación
Cómo citar
Resumen
El proceso de perdonar aparentemente requiere que la persona pueda recordar un momento específico de su pasado durante el cual fue lastimada. Perdonar, entonces, precisa de una memoria episódica, entendida como el recuerdo de eventos o experiencias en el pasado personal de alguien. ¿Qué es lo que fundamenta los actos de perdón? Al respecto, una de las ideas que más se destaca es que, en esencia, el perdón implica un cambio en las emociones; esto es, abandonar, apartar o superar las emociones negativas relacionadas con el evento. En este artículo esbozamos una forma en la que la emoción y el significado de los eventos pasados lograrían regularse. En específico, proponemos que, al pensar de manera más abstracta sobre un evento, es posible modificar nuestra respuesta emocional hacia este. Así, explicamos la manera como una forma más abstracta de pensar, que nos ayude a establecer una distancia con la emoción negativa asociada a un daño en el pasado, puede manifestarse en la memoria. Planteamos que los recuerdos emocionalmente lejanos, o aquellos en los que el contenido emocional ha experimentado algún cambio, a menudo son rememorados desde el ángulo del observador, de modo que el individuo recuerda el evento desde un punto de vista externo e imparcial. Recordar un perjuicio del pasado a partir de la memoria del observador contribuiría a poner el evento en perspectiva y propiciar el distanciamiento emocional necesario para permitir el perdón.
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