Revista de Estudios Sociales

rev. estud. soc. | eISSN 1900-5180 | ISSN 0123-885X

Colocando o passado em perspectiva: lembrar, reconsiderar e perdoar

No. 86 (2023-10-26)
  • Christopher Jude McCarroll
    National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taiwan
  • Roy Dings
    Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany
https://doi.org/10.7440/res86.2023.02

Resumo

O processo de perdão aparentemente exige que a pessoa seja capaz de se lembrar de um momento específico em seu passado durante o qual foi magoada. O perdão, portanto, requer memória episódica, entendida como a lembrança de eventos ou experiências do passado pessoal de alguém. O que fundamenta os atos de perdão? A esse respeito, uma das ideias mais proeminentes é que, em essência, o perdão envolve uma mudança nas emoções, ou seja, abandonar, deixar de lado ou superar as emoções negativas relacionadas ao evento. Neste artigo, esboçamos uma maneira pela qual a emoção e o significado de eventos passados poderiam ser regulados. Especificamente, propomos que, ao pensar de forma mais abstrata sobre um evento, é possível modificar nossa resposta emocional a ele. Assim, explicamos como uma forma mais abstrata de pensar, que nos ajuda a estabelecer distância da emoção negativa associada a um dano passado, pode se manifestar na memória. Argumentamos que as lembranças emocionalmente distantes ou aquelas em que o conteúdo emocional sofreu alguma mudança geralmente são lembradas do ângulo do observador, do qual o indivíduo se lembra de um ponto de vista externo e imparcial. A lembrança de uma mágoa do passado a partir da memória do observador ajudaria a colocar o evento em perspectiva e proporcionaria o distanciamento emocional necessário para permitir o perdão.

Palavras-chave: emoções, memória, perdão, perspectiva do observador, teoria do nível de representação

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