Tipos de identificación partidaria. América Latina en perspectiva comparada, 2004-2012
No. 57 (2016-07-01)Autor/a(es/as)
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Mauricio Morales QuirogaUniversidad Diego Portales, Chile
Resumen
Se analiza la identificación con partidos en América Latina en dos dimensiones: volumen y composición. En general, la literatura se concentra en el análisis del volumen, medido como el porcentaje de ciudadanos identificados con algún partido. Sin embargo, dos países con idéntico volumen de identificación no necesariamente comparten idénticos contextos institucionales o sistemas de partidos. La identificación puede reproducirse en distintos ambientes. Incluso, puede cultivarse en sistemas de partidos inestables y escasamente programáticos, lo que lleva a pensar en la existencia de distintos tipos de identificación. Acá se proponen dos: la identificación por convicción y la identificación por transacción. Para mostrar el predominio de cada tipo de identificación utilizo la serie de resultados de Latinobarómetro (1995-2003) y LAPOP (2006-2012), diseñando modelos logísticos multinomiales por país.
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