The Consequences of War on Emotions and Mental Health: A History of Psychopathology and Medicalization on the War Fronts of the West (1914-1975)
No. 62 (2017-09-01)Author(s)
-
Mauricio Sánchez Menchero
Abstract
The article gives an account of the discourses on and representations of emotions and illnesses that arose within an emotional community made up of senior military officers, members of the medical corps, and soldiers throughout three wars: World War I, World War II, and the Vietnam War. It is based entirely on a series of written and oral testimonies of the participants. Thus, using the concept of emotional community, certain words and phrases were identified —with their semantic and grammatical variations— through which the definitions of the soldiers’ behavioral disorders and personality changes had passed. This is a subject that must be studied over a long period of time in order to observe how certain terms came to predominate over others.
References
Appy, Christian G. 2014. La guerra de Vietnam. Una historia oral. Barcelona: Cátedra.
Bourdieu, Pierre. 1991. La distinción. Criterios y bases sociales del gusto. Madrid: Taurus.
Bubnova, Tatiana. 2006. “Voz, sentido y diálogo en Bajtín”. Acta Poética 27 (1): 97-114.
Burke, Peter. 2010. “Cultural History as Polyphonic History”. Arbor. Ciencia, Pensamiento y Cultura 186: 479-486. https://dx.doi.org/10.3989/arbor.2010.743n1212
Castro, María del Carmen. 2011. “Habitus lingüístico y derecho a la información en el campo médico”. Revista Mexicana de Sociología 73 (2): 231-259.
Chermol, Brian H. 1985. “Wounds without Scars: Treatment of Battle Fatigue in the U.S. Armed Forces in the Second World War”. Military Affairs 49 (1): 9-12. https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1988270
Cooper, CaryL. y PhilipDewe. 2008. Stress. A Brief History. Nueva York: Wiley.
Cornwell, John. 2005. Los científicos de Hitler. Ciencia, guerra y el pacto con el diablo. Barcelona: Paidós.
Crocq, Marc-Antoine y LouisCrocq. 2000. “From Shell Shock and War Neurosis to Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: a History of Psychotraumatology”. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience 2 (1): 47-55.
Davoine, Françoise y Jean-MaxGaudillière. 2011. Historia y trauma. La locura de las guerras. Buenos Aires: Fondo de Cultura Económica.
Didi-Huberman, George. 2007. La invención de la histeria. Charcot y la iconografía fotográfica de la Salpêtrière. Madrid: Cátedra.
Englund, Peter. 2011. La belleza y el dolor de la batalla. Barcelona: Roca Editorial.
Ferro, Marc. 2003. Diez lecciones sobre la historia del siglo XX. México: Siglo XXI.
Freud, Sigmund. 1984. El malestar en la cultura. México: Alianza Editorial.
Frueh, B. Christopher, Anouk L.Grubaugh, Jon D.Elhai y Julian D.Ford. 2012. Assessment and Treatment Planning for PTSD. Nueva Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
García, Rolando. 2006. Sistemas complejos. Barcelona: Gedisa.
Gillespie, R. D.1945. “War Neuroses After Psychological Trauma”. The British Medical Journal1 (4401): 653-656.
Graves, Robert. 1921. The Pier-Glass. Nueva York: Alfred A. Knopf.
Graves, Robert. 2009. Adiós a todo eso. México: Universidad Veracruzana.
Hediger, Ryan (ed.). 2013. Animals and War. Studies of Europe and North America. Boston – Leiden: Brill.
Hochschild, Adam. 2015. Para acabar con todas las guerras: una historia de lealtad y rebelión (1914-1918). Barcelona: Península.
Jones, Edgar. 2006. “‘LMF’: The Use of Psychiatric Stigma in the Royal Air Force during the Second World War”. The Journal of Military History 70 (2): 439-458.
Jones, Edgar. 2012. “Shell Shocked”. American Psychological Association 43 (6): 18.
Kamienski, Lukasz. 2016. Shooting Up: A Short History of Drugs and War. Nueva York: Oxford University Press.
Kardiner, Abram. 1941. The Traumatic Neuroses of War. Washington: Columbia University.
Koselleck, Reinhart. 1989. “Social History and Conceptual History”. International Journal of Politics, Culture, and Society2 (3): 308-325.
Micale, MarkS. y PaulLerner. 2001. Traumatic Pasts: History, Psychiatry, and Trauma in the Modern Age, 1870-1930. Cambridge – Nueva York: Cambridge University Press.
Pichot, Pierre (coord.). 1995. Manual diagnóstico y estadístico de los trastornos mentales. Barcelona: Masson.
Proctor, RobertN. y LondaSchiebinger (eds.). 2008. Agnotology: The Making and Unmaking of Ignorance. Nueva York: State University of New York Press.
Ramírez, Mario Elkin. 2008. “Psicoanalistas en el frente de batalla. Las neurosis de guerra en la Primera Guerra Mundial”. Affectio Societatis 9: 1-4.
Regan, Geoffrey. 2004. Historia de la incompetencia militar. Barcelona: Crítica.
Rosenwein, Barbara H. 2010. “Problems and Methods in the History of Emotions”. Passions in Context I (1): 1-33.
Satel, Sally L. 2003. “Reseña del libro A War of Nerves: Soldiers and Psychiatrists in the Twentieth Century, de Ben Shephard”. Psychiatriconline 54 (3): 405-406.
Scheer, Monique. 2012. “Are Emotions a Kind of Practice (and Is That What Makes Them Have a History)? A Bourdieuian Approach to Understanding Emotion”. History and Theory 51: 193-220.
Secord, James A. 2004. “Knowledge in Transit”. Isis 95 (4): 654-672.
Shephard, Ben. 2001. A War of Nerves: Soldiers and Psychiatrists in the Twentieth Century. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Winter, Jay (ed.). 2009. The Legacy of the Great War: Ninety Years On. Kansas: University of Missouri Press.
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.