Migrantes e refugiados nas fronteiras da Europa. Qualificação pelo sofrimento, vida destituída e agências paradoxais
No. 59 (2017-01-01)Autor(es)
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Estela Schindel
Resumo
Neste artigo, trabalha-se a tensão entre as figuras do migrante e do refugiado tal como são definidas e disputadas na Europa hoje. Há uma estratificação de legitimidades em termos do direito de acesso à União Europeia (EU) que privilegia quem é objeto de persecução ou guerra e deslegitima o migrante econômico. Após expor a genealogia da categoria do refugiado, analisam-se as consequências dessa dicotomia na gestão dos que cruzam a fronteira marítima da Europa. Quais estratégias, agências e subjetividades um regime que favorece o sofredor por cima do empreendedor mobiliza? E quais recursos os viajantes empregam a partir da condição de vida destituída para qualificar uma estada pela paradoxal via de sua desqualificação? Por último, este artigo menciona os desafios apresentados pelas novas tecnologias biométricas de controle de fronteiras e formula a pergunta pela afinidade entre o refugiado e outras figuras sociais vulneráveis.
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