Revista de Estudios Sociales

rev. estud. soc. | eISSN 1900-5180 | ISSN 0123-885X

A psicopatologia está relacionada ao terrorismo? Uma revisão sistemática das evidências disponíveis em atores coletivos e individuais

No. 96 | 2026-05-29
  • Victoria Espejo Márquez
    Ayuntamiento de Ronda, Espanha
  • Miguel A. Maldonado
    Universidad de Córdoba, Espanha
    ORCID iD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9126-2596
  • Roberto M. Lobato
    Universidad de Burgos, Espanha
    ORCID iD: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4152-7020
  • Manuel Moyano Pacheco
    Universidad de Córdoba, Espanha
    ORCID iD: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6745-0936
https://doi.org/10.7440/res96.2026.09

Resumo

A pesquisa sobre terrorismo aumentou consideravelmente nas últimas duas décadas. Uma das questões de interesse nessa área está relacionada às variáveis associadas a esse tipo de violência e, nesse sentido, o estudo da psicopatologia e seu vínculo com o terrorismo tem se mostrado um dos temas mais controversos. Inicialmente, a pesquisa nessa área se concentrou principalmente nos indivíduos que atuavam como parte de uma organização. No entanto, o recente aumento de atores individuais fez com que eles recebessem cada vez mais atenção nos estudos. Saber se os transtornos mentais são uma característica diferencial entre atores coletivos e individuais seria útil sob a perspectiva da prevenção e do contraterrorismo. Esta revisão sistemática tem como objetivo compilar o conhecimento existente sobre a prevalência de transtornos mentais em indivíduos envolvidos em ações ou atividades terroristas, tanto em grupo quanto isoladamente, e determinar se existem diferenças entre ambos os tipos em relação a essa variável. Para isso, foi seguido o método PRISMA, que permitiu selecionar e analisar 20 artigos. Dados foram coletados e diferenciados sobre distúrbios diagnosticados, traços psicopatológicos e sintomas relacionados, bem como outros indicadores, incluindo hospitalizações associadas aos diagnósticos. Os resultados sugerem que, em termos globais, as taxas de psicopatologia nas pessoas que desenvolvem comportamentos compatíveis ou ligados ao terrorismo estão em faixas comparáveis às observadas em estudos populacionais, embora alguns estudos indiquem prevalências mais altas em subgrupos específicos (especialmente em atores isolados). Ao comparar atores coletivos e individuais, os resultados são heterogêneos: ainda que alguns estudos sugiram uma prevalência maior de transtornos e traços psicopatológicos nos atores isolados do que nos atores pertencentes a uma organização, os dados diferem entre as pesquisas e há discordância sobre o assunto. Os resultados destacam a necessidade de continuar aprofundando o papel da psicopatologia no comportamento terrorista e suas implicações para a prevenção e detecção precoce. 

Palavras-chave: extremismo, psicopatologia, psiquiatria , saúde mental, terrorismo, transtorno mental

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Copyright (c) 2026 Victoria Espejo Márquez, Miguel A. Maldonado, Roberto M. Lobato, Manuel Moyano Pacheco

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